Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR)

Intrauterine growth restriction is defined as a fetus with a weight that falls below the 10th percentile and abdominal circumference below the 2.5th percentile when compared to others of the same gestational period.

Reasons for IUGR can include:

  • chromosomal abnormalities
  • drug and alcohol abuse
  • heart disease in mother
  • maternal high blood pressure or heart disease
  • poor nutrition
  • preeclampsia or eclampsia
  • placenta problems
  • parental risk factors such as smoking

IUGR is a risk factor for cerebral palsy and a leading cause of perinatal mortality and morbidity. The risk is highest in preterm children, and minimal in very preterm and full-term deliveries.

Much like low birth weight, small size alone does not equal IUGR. Many babies are born small and healthy. A true IUGR diagnosis can only be made after a careful exam of the newborn. Therefore, it is very important to monitor fetal size and weight throughout pregnancy to be aware of the possibility.

Cerebral Palsy Risk Factors

There are ten common risk factors. To learn more about them, click one of the following:

The presence of one or more risk factors does not ensure a child will develop cerebral palsy; it means chances are higher than if that risk factor was not present. Likewise, the absence of risk factors does not ensure that a child will not develop cerebral palsy. Risk factors merely identify possible cause for concern. Avoiding risk factors will help prevent a child from developing cerebral palsy; any exposure to risk factors prior to conception and during pregnancy should be discussed with a doctor in order to effectively treat and manage risk. This list is not meant to be all-inclusive; other risk factors may contribute to the development of cerebral palsy, as well.